kaisyu0905-03

I exercised too much!

When[How long/What kind of-] did you [have you been] for[-ing for]?

*stressful/stressed
*relaxed/relaxing
*laid-back:気楽な、くつろいだ、肩肘を張らない

I noticed it was gone[missing]. / I couldn't find it.
<90%sure> I must've lost it.

*lead(s):鉛、（鉛筆の）黒鉛、しん
*a lead(colored) pencil

They had some, but none that suited me.
They had some, but not what I was looking for.
*to match/to fit/to suit

I wanted a black one, but they only had a blue one.[this kind in blue].

It's not perfet for me.
It's suitable for work.

You just push[shake/twist/turn]the button on the top.

*fragile:壊れやすい、もろい
*sturdy:たくましい、屈強な、丈夫な

kaisyu0905-02

I would have gone to bed earlier but I was watching TV.
早く寝るべきだったのけど、テレビを見ちゃって・・・。

発音!
wind-window shirt-shirts

fossil fuel:化石燃料

*clean energy
*renewable energy（再生可能エネルギー:alternative energy）

*thermal power generation:火力発電
*hydoroelectric power:水力発電
*nuclar power station:原子力発電所
*solar and wind energy
*geothermal (electric) power:地熱発電

*coalmine *dam *oil well
*abundant:豊富な、あり余る

kaisyu0905-01

I'm glad I'm inside. I'm glad SV

There's no comparison!! (between A and B).
I don't like the heat! [cold]

In Japan in summer, it can reach 40℃. [drop to/fall to]
But in ireland, in summer it never reaches 30℃.

hot-warm-cold-iced

lukewarm:生ぬるい,（…について）<関心・態度などが>いい加減な、不熱心な〔about〕
tepid:生ぬるい(lukewarmよりぬるすぎることを強調)

Japan is hotter than Ireland.
[colder/a little colder/a lot colder/much more colder/way more colder]
*way:（比較級を強めて）はるかに、ずっと

*latitude:緯度　longtitude:経度　the equator:赤道
an ocean current:海流　North Atlantic Current:北大西洋海流

What does C[F] stand for?
centigrade: 摂氏度(Celsius) Fahrenheit:華氏

incident-acciden-disaster:災害

Eoghan

I'd love to-.
I'd give anything to-.

I woudn't mind -ing.

I've always dreamed of -ing.
I've always wanted to -.

I'm eager to please. （私は人を喜ばせるのが好きである。）
(*S is eager to 人が～したいと思う)

I'd like to check out the differences between A and B.

I'd love to have seen that program.

Eoghan

posh:【形】 こぎれいな、しゃれた、豪華な

I made it through.
やり通した！

When it comes to Chinese food, the more people, the better.
・・・と言えば、
The more, the merrier.
The more people there are, the better.

We have to reserve a hotel.
We have to buy a dress.
We have to organize (pay for) flowers.
We have to order a cake.
We have to pay a deposit.
We have to book accommodation.

She canceled the wedding even though the hotel had been reserved.
She called off the wedding even though she had bought a dress.

It will be my first time to…

brochure:パンフレット・小冊子

It must cost a fortune.
It must cost an arm and a leg!

a bit nervous of flying
飛行機が怖いからと、airplaneを使っちゃダメよ。

F06 Negotiating

F06
A: I really like this handbag. How much is it?
B: I can give it to you for $100.
A: I don’t know. $100 seems expensive?
*is a little more than I was hoping to pay
*sounds a bit high
*sounds a little high, I’m going to leave to think about it
B: You won’t find anything better at that price. Look, how about I give you a key chain for free?
*throw in
A: Well, that sounds better, but I don’t really need a key chain. If I pay cash, could you give me a belt and the bag for $85?
*that’s more like it
B: Tell you what, I could give you any belt you like, and the bag for $95. That’s my best offer. Take it or leave it.
A: We have a deal.
*You’ve got yourself a deal./Done, I’ll take it.

仮定法(Conditional)

1st Conditional
どんな形？
If + 現在形, 未来形～.
例：If you take a taxi, you'll be there in time.
＊現在形の変わりに、現在進行形や現在完了形も使える。
＊未来形の変わりに助動詞can, mayなど助動詞も使える。また、命令文を使うこともある。
いつ使う？
if節で述べる内容が、現実として十分起こりうる可能性がある場合
例：If Pete gives me a DVD, I'll be happy.
話者は「ピートがDVDをくれる」可能性はあると考えている。
if節の中で述べられる内容は通常「まだ起こっていないこと」、つまり未来の出来事になりますが、未来形ではなく現在形を使うことに注意してください。

2nd Conditinal
どんな形？
If + 過去形, 主語 + would + 動詞の原形 ～.
例：If I had a million dolls, I would quit the job.
＊wouldの変わりに助動詞couldも使える。
＊if節では、主語がwasを要求するものであってもwereを使える（フォーマルな英語ではwereが好まれる）。特に"If I were ～"という表現はイディオムのようなものなので常にwereにするほうがよい。
いつ使う？
if節で述べる内容が、現実として起こるはずがないと判断される場合。
例：If I were you, I would apologize her.
「私があなた」であることは、現実としてはありえない。

3rd Conditinal
どんな形？
If + 過去完了形, 主語 + would have + 動詞の原形 ～.
例：If I had got up earlier, I wouldn't have missed the bus.
いつ使う？
ある出来事が過去に起こらなかったために、ある結果が導かれたということを述べるとき。後悔を表すことが多い。「～をしていたら／しなかったら、・・・だったのに」
例：If I hadn't driven so fast, I wouldn't have had the accident.
車のスピードを出しすぎて事故を起こしたことを後悔している。
例：If I had saved enough money, I would have traveled to Spain.

Mixed Conditinal
どんな形？
If + 過去完了形, 主語 + would + 動詞の原形 ～.
例：If I had got up earlier, I would be on the bus.
いつ使う？
ある出来事が過去に起こらなかったため、現在の状態があるということを述べるとき。「～をしていたら／しなかったら、（今頃）・・・なのに」
例：If I had studied harder at university, I might be a lawer now.

Zero Conditinal
どんな形？
If + 現在形, 現在形 ～.
いつ使う？
一般的な真実について述べるとき例：
If I work on Monday, my boss gives me extra payment.会社の規則で「日曜に働くと特別報酬が出る」と決まっている場合

F11 Eoghan

I found it hard to (v)…
There doesn’t seem to be any more.
もう残っていないようだ。（数）
There don’t seem to be any more.
もう残っていないようだ。（量）
The TV doesn’t seem to be working.
The towels don’t seem to have changed.

F16 Eoghan

I read his obituary on the front page.
I died of lung diseases. [ cancer / a heart attack ]
in his early 70’s / in one’s(the) mid 70’s / in my late 80’s

I like…/ I love…/ I enjoy…/ I’m into… /I’m crazy about…/
I don’t like…/ I hate… / I can’t stand…/

I’m a huge fan of…/ I’m not a huge fan of…(そんなにファンじゃない)

I’m a huge fan of reggae.
I just love…(メチャ好きやねん/ただこいつだけが好き！)
What I really like is…
The thing that I like most about… is….

I really can’t stand jazz.
What I hate about… is that…

I can take it or leave it.
I just can’t get into it.
It’s just not my style.
It doesn’t do anything for me.
It leaves me cold.

F20 Eoghan

I’m not an expert , but…
I could be wrong, but…
I’ve never thought about this before, but…

I think…
In my opinion
If you ask me,

It’s…
It could be (It might be)
It’s not

It’s Kiyomizu. It could be Kiyomizu. It’s probably Kiyomizu.
definitely(99%) – probably(80%) – possibly(50%) – maybe (perhaps) (50%)

I have 2 days off.
I take a day off.
Public holidays / National holidays

consecutive(形)連続する、引き続き

New York 7/8

どういたしまして。
Don’t mention it.
(It was) my pleasure.
Not at all.
It’s nothing.
No problem.
Sure.（少しくだけた感じ）
Anytime.（「いつでもどうぞ」という感じ）

But I don’t know how many in total off the top of my head.
でも全部でいくつあるかって聞かれても、ちょっとすぐには出てこないな。
He can tell you the correct amount off the top of his head.
彼に聞けば正確な数字を教えてくれますよ。常に頭に入っていますから。
Off the top of my head, I’d say it’s about $300.
ええと、確か300ドルぐらいだと思うけど！
I don’t know off the top of my head.
ちょっと調べてみないとわからないな。

*off the top of one’s head:自分の記憶だけを頼ると、あまり深く考えずに（準備や調べることをせずに）この場ですぐに答えるとすると」

F33 review

horizontal:水平な
vertical:垂直な
diagonally:対角線的に

E40 Review

A triangle / triangular [3角形（の）]
A square / squared [正方形（の）]
A rectangle / rectangular [長方形（の）]
A circle / circular [円形（の）]
An oval / oval [楕円形（の）]
A cylinder / cylindrical [円筒・円柱（の）]
A quadrangle / quadrangular [4角形（の）]
A diamond / diamond [ひし形（の）]
A sphere / aspheric [球形（の）]
A pyramid [角錐]
A cube [立方体]
A cone [円錐]
A pentagon / pentagonal [5角形（の）]
A hexagon / hexagonal [6角形（の）]
A heptagon / heptagonal [7角形（の）]
A octagon / octagonal [8角形（の）]

a star shape / a pentagram 星形

on the top / on the bottom / on each end / on the sides / on the front[back]
flat / round / oval

*Texture:生地、織り方、手触り
soft-hard / rough[ざらざらした]-smooth , sleek[なめらかな]
sharp-blunt[鈍い、丸くなった],bobble[毛玉]-bobbly, slippy[滑りやすい]
uneven[平らでない・でこぼこした]、
*feature:特徴、特色、目立つもの

F25 Christopher

He looked like he was in a hurry.
*look like～のあとに分が持ってこれる

bargain: about price of one thing
ex)"This computer is a real bargain!"
sale:about event of a shop
ex)"There a sale on CDs at Tower Record today."

charm:お守り

it depends on...
it depends but in general
→it depends だけだと弱い感じがするのだそうで、そのあとの事情説明をつけるべし。

F33 Eoghan

Last week my glasses broke.
I was cleaning my glasses and suddenly one of the nose pad broke off (came off).
First, I thought it was a bug, but then I saw that a nose pad had broken (come off).

He prepared almost same glasses.

How (adj) is it? / What (noun) is it?

strong/strength/strengthen
long/length/
deep/depth/deepen
weight/

Giving instruction-

First-then (and)-next-after that-finally

You need ￥120 in coins.
You put them in the slot.
You push the button.

E17 Review

I'm going camping this weekend.
Would it be OK if I borrowed your tent?
I promise to take care of it.
Sure. No problem.

I need to write a report but my computer's not working.
I was wondering if I could borrow yours.
I'll get it back to you as soon as I can.
OK. As long as you get it back to me by tomorrow.

I've been invited to go skiing this weekend.
Could you possibly lend me your skis?

Actually, I was planning on using it.
I'm not sure. I don't usually lend it out.
I'm sorry. I'd really prefer not to.
You never give things back!

E15 Review

Sorry, I know it's late, but I was wondering if you could do me a favor?
Will you feed the cat for me?
Sure. No problem.

I realize you're busy, but would you be able to help me out?
Could you water the plants? I'd like to help, but I'm really busy.

I'll understand if you can't, but could you do me a favor?
Would you be able to collet my mail?
Actually, I have to work all morning.
I'd love to help you, but I'm afraid I have plans on Friday.

F25 Eoghan

I don’t know how to say in English, but for example…

I’m doing all I can to～.
He’s doing all he can to～.

F31 Christopher

[Definitely not]
She couldn’t have…～のはずがない
----------------
I doubt she….
-----------------
[Unsure]
She could/may/might have…
Perhaps he…
----------------
He probably…
----------------
[Definitely]
She must have…
----------------
You couldn’t have met him. He was here at that time.
あなたが彼に会えたはずがない。彼はその時ここにいたのだから。
He might have got a train already.
彼はもう電車に乗ってしまったかもしれない。
[S might have done/（ひょっとして）～してしまったかもしれない／～だったかもしれない（発話時からみた過去の推量）]
You look very tired. You must have been working too hard.
[S must have done　～したに違いない
----------------
(F37)
I’m absolutely certain that it was…
I’m convinced that it was…
I’m 100% sure that it wasn’t…
There’s no a doubt in my mind that…

You don’t really think…,do you?
….isn’t enough to convince me that.
Oh, come on. You can’t be serious. Everyone knows that…
There’s no way…
It was probably just a…


(E10)
What do you think he’s doing?
I bet he’s stuck in traffic.
You’re probably right. / You think so?
Let’s call her. She’s not answering.

Why do you think she’s so late?
She could’ve woken up late.
That sound about right. / I doubt it.
We could just go without her.
Let’s give her five more minutes.

Do you know why she’s not here yet?
Maybe she had to work late.
I bet that’s it. / I don’t think that’s it.

Where on earth is he?
He probably just forgot.

I wonder where she is.
She might have gone to the wrong place.

F19 Eoghan

F19
Let me do it.私にやらせてよ。
*Shall I ～?というのは気持ちが入っていて、lendも気持ちで、重なり合うような　　Shall I lend you～?というのはネェティブ的にはＮＧだそな…

I'm broke.無一文なんだ。
I'm skint.<英俗>（一時的に）文なしの

テキスト忘れの人に対して
Don't worry. You can share mine, if you like(want).Let's share mine.

If you like - / - I can S V.If you want - / - you could
If you need anything,

*She offered to lent herfriend use her computer.

I can book up to 3 weeks in advance, but from next month I will only be able to book up 10 days in advance.

I'm (not) an early bird. I'm a morning person.
I'm (not) a night owl. I'm a night person.

I know some people who used to go to Eki-Ko Nova.conjunction:
接続詞

It depends on your lesson plan.

Well, I can always give you a hand if you like.
If you want, I could lend you some cash to tide you over.
*通常は、couldにアクセントをおくのだが、この場合は貸すことに意志があるので、lendを強めに読むのが良。

I don't want to impose.
Are you sure that's OK?

Don't be silly. It's no big deal.
Trust me. It's no trouble at all.

That'd be great. Thanks a lot.
I'd be really greatful if you could.
I'd really appreciate it.

almost all=nearly all/most(how many?/how much)>100%
almost=nearly

How much of the English on CNN could you understand?
Almost nothing(Close to zero).Almost none.Hardly anything.